Security and cryptography
See how attacks work and what actually stops them.
Sessions
Go in order. Each session is one idea you can drag, step and break.
01Cryptography basics
3 live · 4 comingThe building blocks.
Interactive
Coming soonHash functions
Same input, same output; tiny change, completely different output.
Interactive
LiveStoring passwords
Salts, bcrypt and argon2, and why plain hashes fail.
Open session →
Interactive
Coming soonSymmetric encryption
One shared key to lock and unlock.
Interactive
Coming soonPublic-key cryptography
A public key to lock, a private key to unlock.
Interactive
LiveKey exchange
Two strangers agree on a secret over a public channel.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveDigital signatures
Prove who sent a message and that nobody changed it.
Open session →
Interactive
Coming soonRandomness and nonces
Why predictable random numbers break everything.
02TLS and certificates
1 live · 3 comingTrusting who you're talking to.
Interactive
Coming soonThe TLS handshake
Certificates, key exchange and the first encrypted byte.
Interactive
LiveCertificates and certificate authorities
The chain of trust from your site to the browser.
Open session →
Interactive
Coming soonMutual TLS
Both sides prove who they are.
Interactive
Coming soonHTTPS everywhere and HSTS
Stop downgrades to plain HTTP.
03Identity and access
2 live · 5 comingWho is this, and what may they do?
Interactive
Coming soonSessions and cookies
Stay logged in, and the cookie flags that matter.
Interactive
LiveJWTs
What's inside a token, and the mistakes that make it forgeable.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveThe OAuth 2.0 flow
Authorization code with PKCE, step by step.
Open session →
Interactive
Coming soonOpenID Connect
Sign in with another provider.
Interactive
Coming soonPasskeys and WebAuthn
Log in with a device instead of a password.
Interactive
Coming soonMulti-factor authentication
Codes, push and hardware keys, and which ones get phished.
Interactive
Coming soonAuthorization models
RBAC, ABAC and relationship-based access.
04Web attacks
5 live · 1 comingHow common attacks work, and the fix for each.
Already live in other tracks: CORS, Content Security Policy
Interactive
LiveCross-site scripting (XSS)
Injected script running in someone else's session.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveCross-site request forgery (CSRF)
Another site makes the user's browser send a request.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveSQL injection
User input that changes the query.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveServer-side request forgery (SSRF)
Trick the server into calling internal addresses.
Open session →
Interactive
LiveBroken access control
Change an ID in the URL and see someone else's data.
Open session →
Interactive
Coming soonClickjacking
A hidden frame steals a click.
05Application security
0 live · 6 comingWriting code that's hard to attack.
Interactive
Coming soonInput validation and output encoding
Check what comes in, escape what goes out.
Interactive
Coming soonHandling secrets
Keys in code, logs and images, and getting them out.
Interactive
Coming soonDependency and supply-chain risks
A compromised package in your build.
Interactive
Coming soonSecurity headers
The headers that switch on browser protections.
Interactive
Coming soonBrute force and abuse
Rate limits, lockouts and CAPTCHAs.
Interactive
Coming soonSecurity logging
Log what you need to investigate, and nothing sensitive.
06Infrastructure security
0 live · 4 comingProtecting the systems underneath.
Interactive
Coming soonLeast privilege
Give every person and service only what it needs.
Interactive
Coming soonNetwork segmentation
Limit how far an attacker can move once inside.
Interactive
Coming soonZero trust
Check every request, even from inside the network.
Interactive
Coming soonEncryption at rest and key management
Encrypt the data, and protect and rotate the keys.
07Security practice
0 live · 4 comingMaking security part of the work.
Interactive
Coming soonThreat modeling
Find what could go wrong before you build it.
Interactive
Coming soonThe OWASP Top 10
The most common web risks, and how to check for each.
Interactive
Coming soonPenetration testing
Attack your own system the way an attacker would.
Interactive
Coming soonSecurity incidents and disclosure
What to do when you're breached, and telling users.
08AI security
0 live · 2 comingNew attacks on AI features.
Interactive
Coming soonPrompt injection, as an attacker sees it
Hide instructions in a document and take over the agent.
Interactive
Coming soonData exfiltration through agents
Trick an agent into sending private data out.
In production
Tools you can use
35 technologies across 11 live sessions. Same names in any language — pick a session to see how the idea maps to the real world.
Services, platforms, protocols and standards — not one stack.
Use a password-hashing function from your platform; never design your own.
- OWASP Password Storage Cheat SheetStandard
Recommended algorithms and parameters.
Official site ↗ - Argon2Standard
Winner of the Password Hashing Competition.
GitHub ↗ - bcryptStandard
The long-standing slow, salted password hash.
Official site ↗ - Have I Been PwnedService
Check passwords against known breaches.
Official site ↗
Every TLS connection starts with a key exchange.
Signatures secure TLS, software updates and tokens.
Every HTTPS connection validates a certificate chain.
JWTs carry identity between services; the libraries decide how safe they are.
OAuth and OIDC power every “Sign in with…” button.
Frameworks escape by default; XSS comes back wherever code opts out.
- OWASP XSS Prevention Cheat SheetStandard
Which encoding to use in each context.
Official site ↗ - DOMPurifySoftware
The common HTML sanitizer for when you must allow some markup.
GitHub ↗ - Content Security PolicyStandard
Tell the browser which scripts may run.
Documentation ↗ - Trusted TypesStandard
Make the browser reject raw strings in innerHTML.
Documentation ↗
Frameworks and browsers now ship most CSRF defenses by default.
Parameterized queries are built into every major driver and ORM.
Cloud metadata endpoints make SSRF especially dangerous.
Broken object-level authorisation tops the API risk list.
Roadmap
Coming soonA step-by-step path through the track, with sessions and practice at each stage.
- Stage 1
Cryptography basics
- Stage 2
TLS and identity
- Stage 3
Web attacks
- Stage 4
Application and infrastructure security
- Stage 5
Security practice
Projects
Coming soonBuild something real to lock in the skill.
- Exploit and fix a vulnerable app
- Implement login with passkeys
- Threat-model a feature you shipped